Ifort

2007-10-15T10:47:12Z

192.168.20.101: added categories

[[Ifort]] is the intel fortran compiler. Intel bought and continued the former compaq Fortran, which in turn was originally known as DEC Fortran and used in VAX machines.

== Installing ==

=== Windows ===

=== *nix ===

In order to install Ifort für *nix, you need to do the following steps:
# get the correct Ifort sources from [1] (registration required)
# make sure, the required libraries are installed: ''g++ libstdc++5 zlib1g-bin zlib1g-dev libc6'' (Note: the names may differ depending on your distribution. The names above apply to Debian Sid)
# compile the Ifort sources: un-tar the sources and execute the installation script. With Debian, you need to manually convert the rpms (see below).
# integrate the compiler into your working environment:
## Symlink the installation version, to avoid having to edit all the config files again, once you install a new compiler version.
## Add the ''source'' lines to your bashrc (see below).

'''Debian specific installation notes''':
With Debian (Sid), the shipped ''install.sh'' script from the Ifort sources does not work [2],[3]. You need to execute the following commands as root (VERSION is the version number):
aptitude install alien
tar xzvf l_fc_p_VERSION.tar.gz
cd l_fc_VERSION/data/
alien intel-ifortVERSION-VERSION-1.i386.rpm
alien intel-iidbVERSION-VERSION-1.i386.rpm
dpkg -i --force-overwrite *.deb
Note: The resources below mention the additional command ''./install.sh -finalize-only'', executed in the source folder. This parameter belongs to versions < 10 and is not supported by the install.sh script any more.

Now, replace every occurance of ''<INSTALLDIR>'' in the newly created files with the path to the Ifort installation. The files to edit are:
/opt/intel/fc/VERSION/bin/ifort
/opt/intel/fc/VERSION/bin/ifort.cfg
/opt/intel/fc/VERSION/bin/ifc
/opt/intel/fc/VERSION/bin/ifc.cfg
/opt/intel/fc/VERSION/bin/ifortvars.csh
/opt/intel/fc/VERSION/bin/ifortvars.sh
/opt/intel/idb/VERSION/bin/idbvars.csh
/opt/intel/idb/VERSION/bin/idbvars.sh

You can check if there are other files with the following command:
grep -r INSTALLDIR /opt/intel/

'''Links and ''source'' lines''':
The path to the compiler executables includes the version. Hard coding it has the disadvantage that you need to edit every file, once you install a new version. Therefore, link the current compiler version to ''current'' and add the virtual link in all of your path lines:
cd /opt/intel/fc/
ln -s ./VERSION current
cd ../idb/
ln -s ./VERSION current

Add the following lines to your ''.bashrc'', or use the global ''/etc/bashrc'' (Debian: ''/etc/bash.bashrc''):
source /opt/intel/fc/current/bin/ifortvars.sh
source /opt/intel/idb/current/bin/idbvars.sh

'''Resources''':
[[http://www.intel.com/cd/software/products/asmo-na/eng/219771.htm | 1]]
[[http://groups.google.de/group/comp.lang.fortran/browse_thread/thread/d5efc992211e517b/25331fb8ea8ec01a?lnk=st&q=ifortvars%20%20%20%20.sh+debian+installdir&rnum=1&hl=en#25331fb8ea8ec01a | 2]]
[[http://groups.google.de/group/linux.debian.user/browse_thread/thread/9076eb8ca951f0ce/6408013d92230ca1?lnk=st&q=Debian.te%20%20%20%20sting+Intel.Fortran&rnum=1&hl=en#6408013d92230ca1 | 3]]

== Tools for linking ==

=== [[dumpbin]] ===
For example, here's an extract of the external references of ftest.obj after compiling with [[ifort]]:

[[ifort]] /c /nologo /Zi /Od ftest.for
[[dumpbin]] /SYMBOLS ftest.obj

094 00000000 UNDEF notype () External | _NCDREN@20
095 00000000 UNDEF notype () External | _NCVID@16
096 00000000 UNDEF notype () External | _NCVREN@20
097 00000000 UNDEF notype () External | _NCAREN@28
098 00000000 UNDEF notype () External | _NCVDEF@28
099 00000000 UNDEF notype () External | _NCVGT@24
09A 00000000 UNDEF notype () External | _NCVGTC@32
09B 00000000 UNDEF notype () External | _NCVGT1@20
09C 00000000 UNDEF notype () External | _NCVG1C@24
09D 00000000 UNDEF notype () External | _NCVPT@24
09E 00000000 UNDEF notype () External | _NCVPTC@32
09F 00000000 UNDEF notype () External | _NCVPT1@20
0A0 00000000 UNDEF notype () External | _NCVP1C@24

== Troubleshoots ==

=== Windows ===
*Q: I get this error. What should I do?
Fatal error cannot open "ifconsol"
ifort: error: problem during multi-file optimization compilation (code 1)
A: This error happens because some environment variables need to be declared. To solve this
simply open from the intel fortran folder in your ''Start->Programs'' the ''Build Environment for applications'' and run make from there.

=== *nix ===

== Help screen ==
Here's the help screen for windows:

ifort /?

Intel(R) Fortran Compiler Help
==============================

usage: ifort [options] file1 [file2 ...] [/link linker_options]

where options represents zero or more compiler options

fileN is a Fortran source (.f .for .ftn .f90 .fpp .i .i90),
assembly (.asm), object (.obj), static library (.lib), or
other linkable file

linker_options represents zero or more linker options

Notes
-----
1. Many FL32 options are supported; a warning is printed for unsupported
options.

2. Intel Fortran compiler options may be placed in your ifort.cfg file.

Compiler Option List
--------------------
Performance
-----------
/O1 optimize for maximum speed, but disable some optimizations which
increase code size for a small speed benefit: /Ob1gysi-
/O2 optimize for maximum speed (same as /Ox)
/O3 enable /O2 plus more aggressive optimizations that may not improve
performance for all programs
/Ox enable maximum optimizations (DEFAULT): /Ob1gyti
/Od disable optimizations; useful for selective optimizations (i.e. /Od /Og)
/optimize:<val>
0 - disable optimization (same as /Od)
1 - optimize for maximum speed, but disable some optimizations
which increase code size for a small speed benefit (same as /O1)
2 - same as 1, or /O1
3 - optimize for maximum speed (default) (same as /O2)
4 - same as 3, or /O2
5 - enable /optimize:3 plus more aggressive optimizations that
may not improve performance for all programs (same as /O3)

/fast enable /QxP /O3 /Qipo /Qprec-div-
/Ob<n> control inline expansion:
n=0 disable inlining (same as /inline:none)
n=1 no inlining (unless /Qip specified)
n=2 inline any function, at the compiler's discretion
(same as /Qip or /inline:all)
/Og enable global optimizations
/Op[-] enable/disable better floating-point precision
/[no]fltconsistency
specify that improved floating-point consistency should be used
/Os enable speed optimizations, but disable some optimizations which
increase code size for small speed benefit (overrides /Ot)
/Ot enable speed optimizations (overrides /Os)
/Oy[-] enable/disable using EBP as general purpose register (no frame pointer)

/Qax<codes> generate code specialized for processors specified by <codes>
while also generating generic IA-32 code. <codes> includes
one or more of the following characters:
K Intel Pentium III and compatible Intel processors
W Intel Pentium 4 and compatible Intel processors
N Intel Pentium 4 and compatible Intel processors. Enables new
optimizations in addition to Intel processor-specific optimizations
P Intel Pentium 4 processors with SSE3 extensions
B Intel Pentium M and compatible Intel processors
/Qx<codes> generate specialized code to run exclusively on processors
indicated by <codes> as described above.
/tune:<keyword>
pn1 - optimize for Pentium(R) processor
pn2 - optimize for Pentium(R) Pro, Pentium(R) II, and
Pentium(R) III processors
pn3 - same as pn2
pn4 - optimize for Pentium(R) 4 processor (DEFAULT)
/architecture:<keyword>
pn1 - optimize for Pentium(R) processor
pn2 - optimize for Pentium(R) Pro, Pentium(R) II, and
Pentium(R) III processors
pn3 - same as pn2
pn4 - optimize for Pentium(R) 4 processor (DEFAULT)
SSE - same as QxK
SSE2 same as QxW

Advanced Performance
--------------------
Enable and specify the scope of Interprocedural (IP) Optimizations:
/Qip enable single-file IP optimizations (within files, same as /Ob2)
/Qipo[n] enable multi-file IP optimizations (between files)
/Qipo-c generate a multi-file object file (ipo_out.obj)
/Qipo-S generate a multi-file assembly file (ipo_out.asm)

Modify the behavior of IP:
/Qip-no-inlining disable full and partial inlining (requires /Qip or /Qipo)
/Qip-no-pinlining disable partial inlining (requires /Qip or /Qipo)
/Qipo-separate create one object file for every source file
(overrides /Qipo[n])

Other Advanced Performance Options:
/reentrancy:<keyword>
specify whether the threaded, reentrant run-time support
should be used
Keywords: none (same as /noreentrancy), threaded
/noreentrancy don't use reentrant run-time support
/Qpad[-] enable/disable(DEFAULT) changing variable and array memory
layout
/Qunroll[n] set maximum number of times to unroll loops. Omit n to use
default heuristics. Use n=0 to disable loop unroller.
/unroll[:n] set maximum number of times to unroll loops. Omit n to use
default heuristics. Use n=0 to disable loop unroller.

/Qprof-dir <d> specify directory for profiling output files (*.dyn and *.dpi)
/Qprof-file <f> specify file name for profiling summary file
/Qprof-gen instrument program for profiling
/Qprof-use enable use of profiling information during optimization
/Qprof-gen-sampling
prepare code for use with profrun sample gathering tool
/Qfnsplit[-] enable/disable function splitting (enabled with /Qprof-use)

/Qpc32 set internal FPU precision to 24 bit significand
/Qpc64 set internal FPU precision to 53 bit significand (DEFAULT)
/Qpc80 set internal FPU precision to 64 bit significand
/QIfist[-] enable/disable(DEFAULT) fast float-to-int conversions
/Qrcd same as /QIfist
/Qrct set internal FPU rounding control to truncate
/rounding-mode:chopped
set internal FPU rounding control to truncate
/Qprec improve floating-point precision (speed impact less than /Op)
/Qfp-port round fp results at assignments & casts (some speed impact)
/Qfpstkchk enable fp stack checking after every function/procedure call
/Qprec-div[-] improve precision of FP divides (some speed impact)
/Qprec-sqrt[-]
determine if certain square root optimizations are enabled

/Qscalar-rep[-] enable(DEFAULT)/disable scalar replacement (requires /O3)
/Qvec-report[n] control amount of vectorizer diagnostic information:
n=0 no diagnostic information
n=1 indicate vectorized loops (DEFAULT)
n=2 indicate vectorized/non-vectorized loops
n=3 indicate vectorized/non-vectorized loops and prohibiting
data dependence information
n=4 indicate non-vectorized loops
n=5 indicate non-vectorized loops and prohibiting data
dependence information

/Qprefetch[-] enable(DEFAULT)/disable prefetch insertion
/Qsafe-cray-ptr Cray pointers do not alias with other variables
/Qopt-report generate an optimization report to stderr
/Qopt-report-file<file> specify the filename for the generated report
/Qopt-report-level[level] specify the level of report verbosity (min|med|max)
/Qopt-report-phase<name> specify the phase that reports are generated against
/Qopt-report-routine<name> reports on routines containing the given name
/Qopt-report-help display the optimization phases available for
reporting

/Qtcheck generate instrumentation to detect multi-threading bugs
(requires Intel(R) Threading Tools; cannot be used with
compiler alone)
/Qopenmp enable the compiler to generate multi-threaded code
based on the OpenMP directives
/Qopenmp-profile link with instrumented OpenMP runtime library to
generate OpenMP profiling information for use with the
OpenMP component of the VTune(TM) Performance Analyzer
/Qopenmp-stubs enables the user to compile OpenMP programs in
sequential mode. The openmp directives are ignored and
a stub OpenMP library is linked (sequential)
/Qopenmp-report{0|1|2} control the OpenMP parallelizer diagnostic level
/fpe:{0|1|3} specifies behavior on floating point exceptions

/Qparallel enable the auto-parallelizer to generate multi-threaded
code for loops that can be safely executed in parallel
/Qpar-report{0|1|2|3} control the auto-parallelizer diagnostic level
/Qpar-threshold[n] set threshold for the auto-parallelization of loops
where n is an integer from 0 to 100
/Qansi-alias[-] enable(DEFAULT)/disable use of ANSI aliasing rules in
optimizations; user asserts that the program adheres to
these rules
/Qcomplex-limited-range[-]
enable/disable(DEFAULT) the use of the basic
algebraic expansions of some complex arithmetic
operations. This can allow for some performance
improvement in programs which use a lot of complex
arithmetic at the loss of some exponent range.
/Qftz[-] enable/disable flush denormal results to zero
/[no]recursive compile all procedures for possible recursive execution
/Qssp enable software-based speculative pre-computation

Output, Debug
-------------
/c, /nolink, /compile-only
compile to object (.obj) only, do not link
/S compile to assembly (.asm) only, do not link
/FA[cs] produce assembly file with optional code or source
annotations
/asmattr:<keyword>
specify the information to generate in the assembleable
listing file
keywords: [no]source, [no]machine
/noasmattr generate default information in the assembleable listing
/Fa[file] name assembly file (or directory for multiple files; i.e.
/FaMYDIR\)
/asmfile[:filename]
specifies that an assembleable listing file should be
generated
/Fo[file] name object file (or directory for multiple files; i.e.
/FoMYDIR2\)
/object:<filename>
specify the name of the object file
/Fe<file> name executable file or directory
/exe:<filename> specifies the name to be used for the built program (.EXE)
or dynamic-link (.DLL) library
/map:<filename> specify that a link map file should be generated
/pdbfile[:filename]
specify that debug related information should be generated
to a program database file
/nopdbfile do not generate debug related information to a program
database file
/RTCu report use of variable that was not initialized
/Zi, /Z7 produce symbolic debug information in object file
/debug[:keyword]
enable debug information and control output of enhanced
debug information.
keywords: all, full, minimal, none (same as /nodebug)
inline-debug-info, variable-locations,
semantic-stepping, extended
/nodebug do not enable debug information
/debug-parameters[:keyword]
control output of debug information for PARAMETERS
keywords: all, used, none (same as /nodebug-parameters)
/nodebug-parameters
do not output debug information for PARAMETERS
/Quse-vcdebug emit debug information compatible with Visual C++ debugger;
this disables emission of extended information used by
Fortran debuggers
/Qinline-debug-info
preserve the source position of inlined code instead of
assigning the call-site source position to inlined code
/Qtrapuv trap uninitialized variables
/Qmap-opts enable option mapping tool

Fortran Preprocessor
--------------------
/D<name>[{=|#}<text>], /define:symbol[=value]
Defines the symbol specified for use with conditional
compilation metacommands. Optionally, the symbol can
be defined to be an integer or string value
/nodefines specifies that any /D macros go to the preprocessor only, and not
to the compiler too
/allow:[no]fpp-comments
If a Fortran end-of-line comment is seen within a #define,
treat it as part of the definition. Default is nofpp-comments
/E preprocess to stdout
/EP preprocess to stdout, omitting #line directives
/EP /P preprocess to file, omitting #line directives
/P, /preprocess-only
preprocess to file
/Qfpp[n], /[no]fpp
run Fortran preprocessor on source files prior to compilation
n=0 disable running the preprocessor, equivalent to nofpp
n=1,2,3 run preprocessor
/Qcpp[n] same as /Qfpp[n]
/I<dir>, /[no]include:<dir>
define the directories in which the compiler searches for INCLUDE
and mod files
/module[:path]
specify path where mod files should be placed and
first location to look for mod files
/U<name>, /undefine:<name>
remove predefined macro
/u remove all predefined macros
/X remove standard directories from include file search path

Language
--------
/4I{2|4|8} set default KIND of integer and logical variables to 2, 4,
or 8
/integer-size:<size>
specifies the default size of integer and logical variables
size: 16, 32, 64
/4R{8|16} set default size of REAL to 8 or 16 bytes
/real-size:<size>
specify the size of REAL and COMPLEX declarations, constants,
functions, and intrinsics
size: 32, 64, 128
/Qautodouble same as /4R8
/double-size:<size>
defines the size of DOUBLE PRECISION and DOUBLE COMPLEX
declarations, constants, functions, and intrinsics
size: 64, 128
/[no]fpconstant extends the precision of single precision constants assigned
to double precision variables to double precision
/[no]intconstant use Compaq Fortran 77 semantics, rather than Compaq Fortran
90, to determine kind of integer constants

/Qd-lines, /[no]d-lines
compile debug statements (indicated by D in column 1)

/4{Y|N}f enable/disable free format source
/[no]fixed, /FI specifies source files are in fixed format
/[no]free , /FR specifies source files are in free format
/4L{72|80|132} specify 72, 80, or 132 column lines for fixed form sources
/Qextend-source same as /4L132
/extend-source[:size]
determines the column that ends the statement field of each
source line in a fixed-format file. /extend-source default
size is 132
size: 72 (same as /noextend-source), 80, 132
/noextend-source source lines are expected to be 72 characters
/ccdefault:<keyword>
specify default carriage control for units 6 and *
keywords: default, fortran, list, or none
/stand:<keyword> specifies level of conformance with ANSI standard to check
for
keywords: f90, f95, none
/Qpad-source, /[no]pad-source
make compiler acknowledge blanks at the end of a line
/Qdps[-], /[no]altparam
specify if alternate form of parameter constant declarations
(without parenthesis) is recognized

/1, /Qonetrip execute any DO loop at least once
/f66 allow extensions that enhance FORTRAN-66 compatibility
/[no]f77rtl specify that the Fortran 77 specific run-time support should
be used
/4{Y|N}a enable/disable putting local variables on the run-time stack
/Qauto same as /4Ya or /automatic
/Qauto-scalar make scalar local variables AUTOMATIC
/Qsave save all variables (static allocation)
(same as /noautomatic or /4Na, opposite of /Qauto)
/4{Y|N}d enable/disable default IMPLICIT NONE
/Qcommon-args assume "by reference" subprogram arguments may alias one another
(same as /assume:dummy_aliases)
/[Q]vms enable VMS I/O statement extensions
/assume:<keyword>
specify assumptions made by the optimizer and code generator
keywords: none, [no]accuracy_sensitive, [no]byterecl,
[no]buffered_io, [no]dummy_aliases, [no]minus0,
[no]protect_constants, [no]source_include,
[no]underscore
/Qzero[-] enable/disable(DEFAULT) implicitly initialize all data to zero

/Qdyncom"blk1,blk2,..." make given common blocks dynamically-allocated

/4{Y|N}b enable/disable extensive runtime error checking
/CB runtime checks for out-of-bounds array subscript/substring refs
Same as /check:bounds
/CU runtime check for uninitialized variables
same as /check:uninit
/check:<keyword>
check run-time conditions
keywords: all (same as /4Yb), none (same as /nocheck, /4Nb),
[no]arg_temp_created, [no]bounds,[no]format, [no]overflow,
[no]output_conversion, [no]power, [no]uninit, [no]args
/nocheck perform no extra run-time checks

/nbs treat backslash as a normal character, not an escape character
/us append an underscore to external subroutine names
/Qlowercase change routine names to all lowercase (same as /names:lowercase)
/Quppercase change routine names to all uppercase (DEFAULT)
(same as /names:uppercase)
/names:<keyword>
specify how source code identifiers and external names are
interpreted
keywords: as_is, lowercase, uppercase
/Gm enable CVF and Powerstation calling convention compatibility
(same as /iface:cvf)
/Gz make STDCALL the default calling convention
(same as /iface:stdcall)
/iface:<keyword>
specify the calling conventions to be used
keywords: [no]mixed_str_len_arg, cref, cvf,
default, stdcall, stdref
/align[-] analyze and reorder memory layout for variables and arrays
/Zp[n] specify alignment constraint for structures (n=1,2,4,8,16)
/align:<keyword>
specify how data items are aligned
keywords: [no]commons, dcommons, [no]records, rec1byte,
rec2byte, rec4byte, rec8byte, rec16byte, sequence
/Zs, /syntax-only
perform syntax check only

Compiler Diagnostics
--------------------
/cm same as /warn:nousage
/w disable all warnings
/Wn disable warnings (n=0) or show warnings
(n=1, DEFAULT, same as /warn:general)
/w90, /w95 suppress messages about use of non-standard Fortran-90/95
/4{Y|N}s enable/disable issuing of errors for non-standard Fortran-90
/warn:<keyword>
specifies the level of warning messages issued.
keywords: all, none (same as /nowarn),
[no]alignments, [no]argument_checking, [no]declarations,
[no]errors, [no]general, [no]ignore_loc,
[no]interfaces, [no]stderrors, [no]truncated_source,
[no]uncalled, [no]uninitialized, [no]unused, [no]usage
/nowarn suppress all warning messages
/WB turn a compile-time bounds check into a warning
/[no]gen-interfaces
create interface blocks for all routines in the file. Can then be
checked with warn:interfaces
/[no]traceback
specify whether the compiler generates PC correlation data used
to display a symbolic traceback rather than a hexidecimal traceback
at runtime failure
/error-limit:<size>
specify the maximum number of error-level or fatal-level compiler
errors allowed
/noerror-limit
set no maximum number on error-level or fatal-level error messages

Miscellaneous
-------------
/?, /help print this help message
/[no]logo [do not] display compiler version information
/watch:<keyword>
show driver tool commands but do not execute tools
/Tf<file> compile file as Fortran source
/source:<filename>
specify that the file indicated should be processed as a Fortran
source file
/extfor:<ext> specify extension of file to be recognized as a Fortran file
/extfpp:<ext> specify extension of file to be recognized as a preprocessor
file
/convert:<keyword>
specify the format of unformatted files containing numeric data
keywords: big_endian, cray, ibm, little_endian, native, vaxd,
vaxg
/fpscomp[:keyword]
specify the level of compatibility to adhere to with Fortran
PowerStation
keywords: all, none (same as /nofpscomp),
[no]filesfromcmd, [no]general, [no]ioformat,
[no]ldio_spacing, [no]libs, [no]logicals
/nofpscomp no specific level of compatibility with Fortran Powerstation
/libdir[:keyword]
control the library names that should be emitted into the object
file
Keywords: all, none (same as /nolibdir), [no]automatic, [no]user
/nolibdir no library names should be emitted into the object file
/inline[:keyword]
Specifies the level of inline function expansion.
keywords: all (same as /Ob2 /Ot), size (same as /Ob2 /Os)
speed (same as /Ob2 /Ot), none or manual (same as /Ob0)
/Qoption,<str>,<opts>
pass options <opts> to tool specified by <str>
/Qlocation,<str>,<dir>
set <dir> as the location of tool specified by <str>
/bintext:<string>
place the string specified into the object file and executable
/Qsox[-] enable/disable(DEFAULT) saving of compiler options and version
in the executable
/Qnobss-init disable placement of zero-initialized vars in BSS (use DATA)

Linking/Linker
--------------
/link specify that all following options are for the linker
/extlnk:<ext> specify extension of file to be passed directly to linker
/F<n> set the stack reserve amount specified to the linker
/Qvc6 use Visual C++ 6.0 linker and debug format (DEFAULT)
/Qvc7 enable Visual Studio .NET 2002 linker and debug format
/Qvc7.1 enable Visual Studio .NET 2003 linker and debug format
/LD[d], /dll produce a DLL instead of an EXE ('LDd' = debug version)
/dbglibs use the debug version of runtime libraries, when appropriate
/MD use dynamically-loaded, multithread runtime
/MDs use dynamically-loaded, single thread runtime
/MG, /winapp use Windows API runtime libraries
/ML use statically-loaded, single thread runtime (/ML is DEFAULT)
/MT use statically-loaded, multithread runtime
/MW use statically-loaded, multidocument QuickWin runtime
/MWs use statically-loaded, single document QuickWin runtime
/libs:<keyword> determine the default libraries to be linked against
dll - use dynamically-loaded, multithread runtime
qwin - use statically-loaded, multidocument QuickWin runtime
qwins - use statically-loaded, single document QuickWin runtime
static - use statically-loaded, single thread runtime (DEFAULT)
/static synonym to /libs:static
/4{Y|N}portlib enable/disable linking with portability library
/Zl omit library names from object file (same as /nolibdir)
/[no]threads specify whether or not multi-threaded libraries should be
linked against

Copyright (C) 1985-2005, Intel Corporation. All rights reserved.

* Other brands and names are the property of their respective owners.

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